Evolution of Urogenital Ducts
Cyclostomes: Hagfish and Lampreys Hagfish: 1. Kidney Structure in Primitive Forms: The kidney structure in primitive forms among hagfish represents...
June 19, 2024
Shibasis Rath
Succession of Kidney Development
Kidney development follows a highly organized sequence that begins in the intermediate mesoderm and progresses through three major stages: pronephros,...
June 19, 2024
Modification of Aortic Arches in Vertebrates
I. The Basic Embryonic Vertebrate Plan The fundamental blueprint for the vertebrate arterial system involves a series of paired arterial...
June 19, 2024
Use of Reducing Equivalents and Co-factors
Reducing Equivalents: In biochemistry, the term “reducing equivalent” refers to any chemical species that transfers one electron in a redox...
June 19, 2024
Intermediary Metabolism and Regulatory Metabolism
Intermediary metabolism includes all chemical transformations that occur within a cell or organism through enzyme-catalyzed reactions. Each step in these...
June 19, 2024
Coupled Reactions in Metabolism
A coupled reaction occurs when an energetically unfavorable reaction (endergonic) is driven by an energetically favorable reaction (exergonic). The most...
June 17, 2024
How ATP Provides Energy to Cells for Metabolic Processes
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an indispensable molecule within cells, often likened to a universal currency due to its pivotal role...
June 17, 2024
Role of Membrane Transporters In Cellular Metabolism
Membrane Transporters are crucial proteins that facilitate the movement of ions, molecules, and various substances across cell membranes, playing essential...
June 17, 2024
Shuttle Systems In Metabolism
Shuttle systems play a critical role in metabolism by facilitating the transfer of electrons from NADH to the electron transport...
June 17, 2024
Compartmentalization of Metabolic Pathways
Eukaryotic cells contain specialized intracellular spaces called subcellular compartments. Each compartment supports specific metabolic activities, and this organization ensures that...
June 17, 2024
