STUDENT PORTAL
Student Portal is RathBiotaClan's dedicated resource for life science students — covering CSIR NET Life Science preparation, biology exam tips, study guides, and academic content. Whether you are preparing for CSIR NET, NEET, or building your foundation in life sciences, this section is built for you.
The Spread of New Mutations: Fixation, Drift and Selection
Whenever a new point mutation arises in a gene, a single individual in the population comes to carry a sequence...
Genealogical Trees and Coalescence in Population Genetics
Every gene present in an individual is inherited as a copy of a gene carried by one of the parents,...
Evolution Sequence Variation Within and Between Species
A fundamental concept in molecular evolution is that the sequence variation observed within a single species is fundamentally different, in origin and...
Introduction to Molecular Evolution and Population Genetics
Modern biology relies on genetic and molecular data to understand how organisms evolve and adapt. Population genetics studies how genes...
Choices for Gap Weights: Constant, Affine & Arbitrary Gap Weights in Sequence Alignment
In alignment problems, the use of gaps in the objective function helps in finding alignments that satisfy an expected shape,...
Gaps in Sequence Alignment and Their Role in cDNA Matching
In the study of string alignment and dynamic programming, the basic elements used to evaluate an alignment are matches, mismatches,...
Local alignment-finding substrings of high similarity
Sequence comparison is one of the fundamental problems in computational biology and string algorithms. While global alignment compares two strings...
Weighted Edit Distance Explained: Operation-Weight & Alphabet-Weight (Notes)
Edit distance measures how many insertions, deletions, and substitutions are required to transform one string into another. The basic edit...
Dynamic Programming Approach to Edit Distance Calculation
Edit distance between two strings is the minimum number of edit operations (insertion, deletion, replacement, match) required to transform one...
The Edit Distance Between Two Strings Alignment
Comparing two strings and measuring how different or similar they are is a fundamental problem in computer science, with applications...
POPULAR NEWS
Chewing gum releases thousands of microplastic particles directly into your mouth with every piece you chew
Microplastics are turning up in places researchers never expected: deep-sea sediments, Arctic ice, and human blood. Now, a UCLA pilot...
Yelling Isn’t Just Yelling: How a Hostile Home Rewires a Child’s Brain for Constant Alert
To a parent in the heat of the moment, a raised voice may feel like simple frustration. To a child...
72-Hour Fasting Can Reset Your Entire Immune System, USC Study Shows
A 72-hour fast can trigger a powerful immune system reset. Scientists call this stem cell regeneration. The process clears old...
New Studys Says Gen Z is the least sexually active young cohort in modern recorded history
A generation that grew up with dating apps in their pockets, pornography a tap away, and sex discussed more openly...
Is Gen Z the First Generation Less Intelligent Than Their Parents?
Gen Z intelligence decline is emerging as a serious concern among neuroscientists and education researchers. For over a century, each...
EDITOR CHOICE‘S
Japan built a ‘human refrigerator’ that cools your body in just 5 minutes, and it could transform how workers beat extreme heat
Japan's summers have grown severe enough that the government recently coined new terminology just to describe days when temperatures climb...
AI Designs Better CRISPR Gene Editors Than Nature, Doudna Team Reports
Researchers at UC Berkeley used artificial intelligence to design new versions of a small CRISPR enzyme called TnpB. Several of...
The Parsimony Criterion in Phylogenetics: Morphological & Molecular Methods
The parsimony criterion is one of the oldest and most widely used methods of constructing phylogenetic trees, having its roots...
Maximum Likelihood Criterion in Phylogenetic Tree Reconstruction
The maximum-likelihood (ML) criterion is one of the most important and statistically rigorous approaches used for phylogenetic tree reconstruction, first...
