Tidal Volume:-
๐The amount of air inhaled or exhaled during normal breathing.
๐Approximately 800 ml of air is exchanged during each respiratory cycle.
-Inhalation: About 800 ml of air enters the lungs.
-Exhalation: About 800 ml of air is expelled from the lungs.
Lung Volumes and Capacities:-
๐The lungs can be divided into four different volumes and four different capacities.
๐These subdivisions are represented graphically through spirometry.
๐Different Lung Volumes:-
๐ฟ1.Tidal Volume (TV);
The amount of air inhaled or exhaled during normal breathing.
Value: Approximately 600 ml.
๐ฟ2.Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV):
The additional amount of air that can be inhaled after a normal inhalation.Value: About 2500 ml.
๐ฟ3.Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV):
The additional amount of air that can be exhaled after a normal exhalation.Value: About 1300 ml.
๐ฟ4.Residual Volume (RV):
The amount of air left in the lungs after a forceful exhalation.Value: About 1000 ml.
๐ฟDead Space;
Parts of the respiratory system where no gas exchange occurs.
๐Location: Includes the trachea and bronchi.
๐Function: Air that remains in these areas and does not participate in gas exchange is known as dead air space.
Functional Residual Capacity (FRC):-
It is the amount of air exhaled and the amount of air remaining in the lungs after a normal expiration.
Formula: FRC = ERV + RV = 2500 ml
Inspiratory Capacity (IC):-
It is the amount of air that can be inhaled after the end of a normal expiration.
Formula: IC = TV + IRV = 3000 ml
Vital Capacity (VC):-
It is the amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after a maximal inhalation.
Formula: VC = TV + IRV + ERV = 4500 ml
Total Lung Capacity (TLC):
It is the total volume of air present in the lungs after a maximal inhalation.
Formula: TLC = VC + RV = 4500 ml + 1000 ml = 5500 ml
โขWith a heamoglobin at its immedazole N2 atom.
